ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to investigate the chemical constituents of the fruit of Citrus aurantium L.. The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. Two new phenolic glycosides (compounds 1 and 2) were obtained and identified as 1-O-3, 5-dihydroxyphenyl-(6-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 1-O-3, 5-dihydroxyphenyl-(6-O-3-methoxy-4-hydroxy benzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), respectively.
Subject(s)
Citrus , Chemistry , Fruit , Chemistry , Glucosides , Chemistry , Glycosides , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Phenols , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective: To study the toxicity alleviation effect of Bovis Calculus Artificialis, Gypsum Fibrosum, and Borneolum Synthcticum to Realgar in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet based on 1H-NMR metabonomics. Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: group A (control group), group B (treated with realgar), group C (treated with Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet), group D (treated with Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet without Bovis Calculus Artificialis), group E (treated with Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet without Gypsum Fibrosum), and group F (treated with Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet without Borneolum Synthcticum). Based on 1H-NMR spectra of urine and serum from rats, PLS-DA was performed to identify different metabolic profiles. Results: The metabolic profiles of group B were different from control group, while the metabolic profiles of all other groups were almost in line with those of control group. Conclusion: The toxicity alleviation effects of Bovis Calculus Artificialis, Gypsum Fibrosum, and Borneolum Synthcticum to Realgar in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet are not obvious.
ABSTRACT
To study the chemical component groups with toxicity alleviation effect to Realgar in Niuhuang Jiedu tablet based on ¹H-NMR metabonomics. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups： control group, R group (treated with Realgar), RRSPG group (treated with Realgar, the root and rhizoma of Rheum palmatum, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum and the root and rhizoma of Glycyrrhiza uralensis) and RC group (treated with total anthraquinones from the root and rhizoma of R. palmatum, total flavonoids from the root of S. baicalensis, total saponins from the root of P. grandiflorum, total flavonoids and saponins from the root and rhizoma of G. uralensis). Based on ¹H-NMR spectra of urine and serum from rats, PLS-DA was performed to identify different metabolic profiles.The metabolic profiles of R group were different from that of control group, while the metabolic profiles of RC group were almost similar to control group.Total anthraquinones from the root and rhizoma of R. palmatum, total flavonoids from the root of S. baicalensis, total saponins from the root of P. grandiflorum, total flavonoids and saponins from the root and rhizoma of G. uralensis regulated energy, choline and amino acid metabolism and gut flora disorder affected by realgar's toxicity.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the application of transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Dec. 2002 to Dec. 2006, 262 BPH patients underwent transrectal HIFU ablative therapy. After the treatment, IPSS, QOL score, peak uroflow rate and prostatic volume measured by TRUS were used for evaluation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 1 to 3 years' follow-up, IPSS, QOL score, and prostatic volume all decreased, while the peak uroflow rate increased obviously (P<0.01). Mild hematuria was noted in all the cases after the treatment, and epididymitis was found in 7 cases (2.7%), short-term hematospermia in 66 cases (25.2%), retrograde ejaculation in 35 cases (13.4%), and urethro-rectal fistula in 1 case (0.3%). No urinary incontinence was found in these cases. TURP was performed in 18 cases (6.8%) in 3 years after the treatment due to an excessively large volume of the prostates or bladder neck contracture.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HIFU is effective and safe in the treatment of BPH which causes minimal invasion, absence of intraoperative bleeding, good tolerance and few complications, and is especially suitable in elderly patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation , Methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 57 PCa patients, 27 localized and 30 advanced, underwent transrectal HIFU with the Sonab- late 500, the localized group treated by transrectal HIFU only, while the advanced group by transrectal HIFU combined with androgen ablation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the HIFU treatment, the mean operating time, hospital stay and follow-up were 111 mm (ranging from 86 to 153 mm), 3.2 days (ranging from 2 to 18 days) and 18 months (ranging from 6 to 30 months), respectively. The biochemical disease-free rates at 1, 2 and 3 years in the localized group were 86%, 81% and 79%, respectively. While in the advanced group, the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was < 4.0 microg/L in 26 cases ( < 0.51 microg/L in 20) and the prostate volume decreased more than 50% in 21 cases after treated for an average of 8 months (ranging from 3 to 24 months). After transrectal HIFU prostate ablation, the prostate volume reduced, serum PSA lowered, Qmax raised and IPSS improved significantly (P < 0.05). No serious complications occurred including severe urethrorectal fistula and incontinence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transrectal HIFU is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy for patients with prostate cancer.</p>